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本文收集了我院结直肠息肉及腺瘤310例。其中幼年性息肉87例(28.1%),增生性息肉29例(9.4%),炎性息肉37例(11.9%),粘膜肥大赘生物40例(12.9%),管状腺瘤67例(21.6%),绒毛状腺瘤50例(16.1%)。男性184例,女性126例。幼年性息肉中位年龄12岁,其余息肉年龄35—39岁,腺瘤43～45岁。体积以幼年性息肉及绒毛状腺瘤最大,平均直径14～15mm。幼年性息肉少数有轻度非典型增生,1例有癌变。管状腺瘤以轻中度增生为主,2例有癌变,癌变率为3%。绒毛状腺瘤以重度增生为主,21例有癌变。癌变率为42%。结直肠息肉是较常见的疾病,无论儿童及老年均可发生。习惯上称的“息肉”,实际包括非肿瘤性息肉和真性肿瘤的腺瘤。后者与大肠癌关系密切,被认为是癌前改变而普遍受到重视。随着检查治疗手段的进步,纤维结肠镜的普遍开展,愈来愈多的病例得到了确诊和治疗,为预防腺瘤恶变和降低大肠癌的发病率都起到良好效果。对大肠息肉的认识,有赖病理学观察及分类,准确的病理诊断对指导临床治疗和判断预后帮助甚大。本文特对310例大肠息肉及腺瘤进行病理学观察研究。
This article collected 310 cases of colorectal polyps and adenomas in our hospital. Among them, 87 (28.1%) were juvenile polyps, 29 (9.4%) were hyperplastic polyps, 37 (11.9%) were inflammatory polyps, 40 (12.9%) were mucosal hypertrophic neoplasms, and 67 (21.6%) were tubular adenomas. ), villous adenoma in 50 cases (16.1%). There were 184 males and 126 females. The median age of juvenile polyps is 12 years old, the rest of polyps are 35-39 years old, and adenomas are 43-45 years old. The largest volume of young polyps and villous adenomas, the average diameter of 14 ~ 15mm. A small number of juvenile polyps have mild dysplasia, and 1 case has cancer. Tubular adenomas were mainly mild-to-moderate hyperplasia, 2 cases had cancerous lesions, and the cancerous rate was 3%. The villous adenomas were mainly hyperplastic, and 21 cases had cancer. The cancer rate was 42%. Colorectal polyps are more common diseases that can occur in children and the elderly. The customary “polyps” actually include adenomas of non-neoplastic polyps and true tumors. The latter is closely related to colorectal cancer and is considered to be a precancerous change that has received widespread attention. With the advancement of inspection and treatment methods, the widespread implementation of colonoscopy, more and more cases have been diagnosed and treated, and they have played a good role in preventing the malignant transformation of adenomas and reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer. The understanding of colorectal polyps depends on pathological observation and classification. Accurate pathological diagnosis helps guide clinical treatment and prognosis. This article specializes in 310 cases of colorectal polyps and adenomas for pathological observation.