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目的 了解社区糖尿病患者现存和潜在的健康问题及对健康教育关注的内容、需求情况 ,以需求为导向 ,探索社区糖尿病患者的健康教育方向 ,提高教育效果。 方法 设计“社区糖尿病病人健康教育需求调查表”多选题问卷 ,调查 82例参加“社区糖尿病病友联谊会”,以前未接受过系统健康教育课程的糖尿病患者 ,男 36例、女 4 6例 ,按文化程度不同分为 4组。调查内容包括患病时间、生活饮食习惯、治疗情况、对疾病的认知、自我监测情况 ,对健康教育需求等。 结果 患者最关注的问题是提高自我护理的技能和预防并发症的发生。适合患者教育方式包括 :医务人员提供的个性化教育、专题讲座、参加病友会从患者间获取不同经验 ,提供健康教育资料。社区不同文化层次患者的健康行为 ,对健康教育认知均有显著性差异。 结论 不同层次的患者对健康教育有不同的需求 ,开展健康教育应以患者的需求作导向 ,要关注低文化层次患者群的需求 ,“以人为本”、提供适合社区不同层次患者需求的健康教育。
Objective To understand the existing and potential health problems of community diabetic patients and the content and demand of health education, and to explore the health education direction of community diabetic patients and improve the educational effect. Methods A questionnaire of multiple choice questionnaires for the needs of health education for patients with diabetes mellitus in community was designed. A total of 82 cases of diabetic patients, including 36 males and 46 females, were enrolled in the “Association of Diabetics with Community Diabetes” According to different levels of education is divided into 4 groups. The survey included the duration of illness, lifestyle and diet, treatment, awareness of the disease, self-monitoring, and health education needs. Results Patients are most concerned about the problem is to improve self-care skills and prevent complications. Suitable for patient education include: personalized education provided by medical staff, seminars, participation of patients will receive different experiences among patients, provide health education information. The community health behaviors of different levels of education, awareness of health education were significantly different. Conclusion Different levels of patients have different needs for health education. Health education should be guided by the needs of patients. Care should be given to the needs of patients with low cultural levels. People-oriented health education should be provided to meet the needs of patients in different levels of the community.