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(一) 概况当前西方面临着资源、能源、劳动力三大问题,矿山工业也是如此。在资源方面,随着需要量的增长,以及资源日趋贫乏,对于开采条件困难、品位低、所含元素杂、难以处理的矿石也必须加以利用。所以,近年来不但原矿产量增加而且矿石入选比例也逐年增加。以铁矿石为例,美国入选矿石占采出总产量的60％,1962年上升到84.5％,1975年则升至94％;有色金属和贵金属入选比更高。在选矿方面,如何利用新技术,在低能耗、高效率情况下,充分利
(A) Overview At present, the West is facing three major problems of resources, energy and labor force, as is the mining industry. In terms of resources, as the demand increases and the resources become increasingly scarce, it is also necessary to make use of ore that is difficult to process and of low quality and contains elements that are difficult to handle because of the exploitation conditions. Therefore, in recent years, not only the output of ore increases but also the proportion of ore entry also increases year by year. Taking iron ore as an example, the United States accounted for 60% of the total ore mined, from 84.5% in 1962 to 94% in 1975, and the non-ferrous metals and precious metals were higher. In mineral processing, how to use new technologies, in the case of low energy consumption, high efficiency, full advantage