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高空间分辨率SAR卫星为城市监测提供了宝贵数据源。在高分辨率SAR图像上,目标的多维特征得以体现,可以大大提高对城市目标的识别能力。但由于城市目标的复杂性、密集建筑物间电磁波的多次散射,以及SAR成像固有的几何畸变与噪声的影响,使得城市目标在高分辨率SAR图像上的特征更为复杂。围绕城市目标电磁散射特性与SAR成像机理、城市目标精细结构提取与三维重建等内容,介绍了国内外相关的研究进展,指出了该领域未来的研究方向。
High spatial resolution SAR satellites provide a valuable source of data for urban monitoring. In high-resolution SAR images, multidimensional features of the target can be reflected, which can greatly improve the recognition ability of the urban target. However, the characteristics of urban targets on high-resolution SAR images are more complicated due to the complexity of urban targets, the multiple scattering of electromagnetic waves among dense buildings and the inherent geometric distortion and noise of SAR imaging. Focusing on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of urban targets, the SAR imaging mechanism, the fine structure extraction and 3D reconstruction of urban targets, the research progress at home and abroad is introduced, and the future research directions in this field are pointed out.