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调节性T细胞(Treg)是一类具有免疫调节功能的细胞群,在机体的免疫耐受中起着关键性作用。它们主要通过细胞-细胞直接接触的方式抑制CD4+和CD8+效应性T细胞的活化和增殖,来调节获得性免疫系统,阻止自身免疫疾病的发生。Treg中以自然产生的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(固有Treg细胞)研究最多。在人类,调控效能主要限于CD4+CD25high亚型。由于Treg独特的生物学功能,它在自身免疫性疾病的发生、移植耐受和肿瘤的发生和转归上越来越受到重视。该文就该类细胞的特点及其与肿瘤关系的研究进展作一综述。
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a group of immunocompetent cell populations that play a key role in the immune tolerance of the body. They inhibit the activation and proliferation of CD4 + and CD8 + effector T cells primarily through cell-cell direct contact to regulate the adaptive immune system and prevent the development of autoimmune diseases. Naturally occurring CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells (native Treg cells) are the most frequently studied in Tregs. In humans, the regulatory potency is mainly limited to the CD4 + CD25high subtype. Due to the unique biological function of Treg, it is more and more important in the occurrence of autoimmune diseases, the tolerance of transplant and the occurrence and prognosis of tumors. This article reviews the characteristics of these cells and their relationship with tumor progression.