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血红蛋白是研究蛋白质结构与功能的理想材料,也是研究遗传与发育机制的有利模型。研究胎儿血红蛋白向成人血红蛋白演变的机制对阐明高等生物的基因表达、调控有重要意义,同时对某些血红蛋白病如镰状细胞贫血和β地中海贫血等也有诊断和指导治疗的实际意义。一、胚胎、胎儿和成人期的血红蛋白人胚胎期的血红蛋白为 HbGowerI(ζ_2ε2)Hb GowerⅡ(α_2ε_2)和 Hb Portland(ζ~2γ~2)。ζ链和ε链分别相当于成人 Hb 中α链和β链的胚胎形式。第18天的胚胎中便可出现含 Hb 的红
Hemoglobin is an ideal material for studying the structure and function of proteins and is also a favorable model for studying genetic and developmental mechanisms. The study of fetal hemoglobin evolution to adult hemoglobin mechanism to clarify the higher biological gene expression, regulation is important, but also for some hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia also have the practical significance of diagnosis and treatment. HbGowerI (ζ_2ε2) Hb GowerⅡ (α_2ε_2) and Hb Portland (ζ ~ 2γ ~ 2) were obtained from embryos, fetuses and adult hemoglobin. The ζ chain and the ε chain correspond to the embryonic forms of α-chain and β-chain, respectively, in adult Hb. Hb-containing red may appear on day 18 of the embryo