全基因组关联分析(GWAS)近年来已被广泛应用于重要农艺性状的基因定位和候选基因挖掘。目前GWAS大多局限于纯系个体或由其构成的自然群体。这类群体比较适合于自花授粉作物的遗传研究。而对于利用杂种优势的作物如玉米等,由于生产上利用的是杂种,基于自交系等纯系所获得的研究结果并不能直接推广应用到由自交系所产生的杂种,对于配合力和杂种优势等性状更是只能依赖杂种才能进行研究。基于杂种的GWAS, Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) has been widely used in recent years for gene mapping and candidate gene mining of important agronomic traits. At present, most GWAS are limited to purebred individuals or natural groups formed by them. Such groups are more suitable for self-pollination of genetic research. However, the results obtained from pure lines such as inbred lines can not be directly applied to the hybrids produced by inbred lines because of the utilization of hybrids in the crops that utilize the heterosis, such as corn. For combining ability and Heterosis and other traits can only rely on hybrids to carry out research. GWAS based on hybrids,