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以硝酸亚铈和原钒酸钠为原料,采用水热和模板导向结合的方法制备出了晶形规整的钒酸铈纳米棒。探讨了模板剂、pH值和水热时间等因素对产物形貌和结构的影响,并用XRD,SEM,TEM等对产物的物相、结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,制备的产物为纯净的单一体心四方结构的钒酸铈纳米棒,其长度为1~2μm,径向尺寸分布为30~50 nm。制备钒酸铈纳米棒的最佳工艺参数为:以EDTA为模板剂、水热温度为180℃、pH值为9、水热时间为24 h。模板剂、pH值和水热反应时间对制备CeVO4纳米棒有着非常重要的影响。EDTA的加入能够促进钒酸铈纳米微粒的形核;pH值影响粒子的聚集状态;水热时间的延长有利于制备结晶性能更好的钒酸铈纳米微粒。
Using ceric nitrate and sodium orthovanadate as raw materials, the regular-shaped cerium vanadate nanorods were prepared by a combination of hydrothermal and template-guided methods. The effect of templating agent, pH and hydrothermal time on the morphology and structure of the product was discussed. The phase, structure and morphology of the product were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The results show that the prepared product is pure single-body tetragonal ceric vanadate nanorods with a length of 1-2 μm and a radial size distribution of 30-50 nm. The optimum technological parameters for the preparation of cerium vanadate nanorods: EDTA as templating agent, hydrothermal temperature of 180 ℃, pH value of 9, hydrothermal time of 24 h. The templating agent, pH value and hydrothermal reaction time have a very important influence on the preparation of CeVO4 nanorods. The addition of EDTA can promote the nucleation of cerium vanadate nanoparticles; the pH value affects the aggregation state of particles; and the prolongation of hydrothermal time facilitates the preparation of cerium vanadate nanoparticles with better crystallinity.