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目的了解肺栓塞(PE)的病因、症状、体征、诊断及药物治疗方法。方法对2004年1月—2008年12月入院并确诊的25例肺栓塞患者的临床表现、检查、诊断及治疗方法进行临床分析。结果急性肺栓塞临床表现无特异性。易患因素有深静脉血栓、高龄、手术、心房纤颤、长期卧床等。主要症状表现为不明原因的呼吸困难、胸痛、晕厥、咯血等。影像学特点呈多样性改变。主要治疗方法为溶栓、抗凝治疗。25例患者治愈率64%(16例),好转20%(5例),病死率16%(4例)。结论肺栓塞的表现不典型,临床医师应提高对急性肺栓塞的诊治水平,逐步提高急性肺栓塞患者的生存率。
Objective To understand the etiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis and drug treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods The clinical manifestations, examination, diagnosis and treatment of 25 cases of pulmonary embolism admitted to our hospital from January 2004 to December 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Acute pulmonary embolism non-specific clinical manifestations. Risk factors are deep vein thrombosis, advanced age, surgery, atrial fibrillation, long-term bed rest and so on. The main symptoms manifested as unexplained dyspnea, chest pain, syncope, hemoptysis and so on. The features of the image are varied. The main treatment for thrombolytic, anticoagulant therapy. The cure rate was 64% (16 cases) in 25 cases, 20% (5 cases) were improved, and the case fatality rate was 16% (4 cases). Conclusions The performance of pulmonary embolism is not typical, clinicians should improve the diagnosis and treatment of acute pulmonary embolism, and gradually improve the survival rate of patients with acute pulmonary embolism.