热裂炼法原油是多种碳氢化合物的混合物,同一地区出产的原油,里面各种油的成份都有一定,所以汽油部份所占百分数也是固定的,这些汽油可以用蒸馏的方法将它分出来,如果我们要想得到更多的汽油,只用蒸馏的方法是不行的。热裂炼法,是在高温高压的情形下将重质油(如柴油,直馏渣油等)裂化,而获得较轻的油料,其中主要的就是裂化汽油。热裂炼的方法有多种,但原理却是一样,比较完善、合理的,是选择性裂炼法。因为各种原料油有不同的裂化性质,一般说来较重的原料抗热性较小,容易裂化,所以需用的温度较低,裂炼时间也较短,轻质原料(如煤油、轻柴油等)则正相反。选择性裂炼法 Thermal cracking crude oil is a mixture of various hydrocarbons. Crude oil produced in the same area contains a certain amount of oil, so the percentage of gasoline is also fixed. These gasolines can be distilled by distillation. Divide it out. If we want to get more gasoline, it is impossible to use only distillation. The thermal cracking method is to crack heavy oils (such as diesel oil, straight residue, etc.) under high temperature and high pressure conditions to obtain lighter oil, of which the main one is cracked gasoline. There are many methods for thermal cracking, but the principle is the same. It is a relatively complete and reasonable method. It is a selective cracking method. Because various raw material oils have different cracking properties, generally speaking, the heavier raw materials have less heat resistance and are easily cracked, so the required temperature is lower, the cracking time is also shorter, and the light raw materials (such as kerosene, lighter) Diesel, etc.) is the opposite. Selective cracking