目的探讨在化疗时代肺结核外科治疗的适应症及手术时机的选择。方法对９３例外科治疗的肺结核病人采用回顾性分析。结果初复治失败长期排菌病例占肺结核外科手术的２８．０％。术后三药以上抗结核治疗一年，随访两年以上仅一例复发。结论外科治疗仍是消灭慢性传染源和解决部分肺结核病人化疗失败的有效手段。 Objective To explore the indications of surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the era of chemotherapy and the choice of timing of surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of 93 patients with tuberculosis treated surgically was performed. Results The initial long term failure of colonoscopy accounts for 28.0% of tuberculosis surgery. Three months after the anti-TB treatment of more than one year, followed up for more than two years only one case of recurrence. Conclusion Surgical treatment is still an effective means to eliminate chronic infection sources and solve the failure of chemotherapy in some patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.