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本文对华东地区5种不同类型水稻土干土作用的增产效果进行了研究。凡经过干燥处理的水稻士,对水稻的植株高度、有效分蘖数以及单穗重量一般都有良好影响,因此水稻产量均有增加趋势、特别是配施磷、钾肥料,增产尤为显著。从本文试验的结果看来,虽然干土作用与有机质的矿化有很大关系,但土壤pH 值、交换性阳离子及其他矿质营养元素均有影响。磷、钾的关系尤为密切。土壤的干干湿湿是稻田耕作上的一个重要问题。本文讨论了干湿过程对灌水期间各类水稻土的铵态氮素、氧化还原电位、酸度、亚铁离子的影响,指出稻田初灌以后的前期是土壤中生物化学作用最为旺盛的一个时期,而稻田耕作上的干干湿湿,是影响土壤中氧化还原平衡体系的一项有力措施。在水稻栽培期间,这种平衡体系的破坏与建立是促进水稻土有机物的矿化和发挥稻田潜在地力的必要过程。本篇着重讨论了渍水土壤酸度变化的规律及其影响,同时指出土壤酸度变化与发挥水稻土潜在地力的关系。
In this paper, the effects of increasing soil-production of five different types of paddy soil in East China were studied. The dried rice plants generally have good effects on plant height, effective tiller number and single ear weight. Therefore, the yield of rice has an increasing tendency, especially with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, especially yield increase. From the results of this experiment, it seems that although the effect of dry soil is closely related to the mineralization of organic matter, the pH of soil, exchangeable cations and other mineral nutrients all have an impact. The relationship between phosphorus and potassium is particularly close. Soil wetting and drying is an important issue in paddy farming. This paper discussed the effects of wetting and drying on the contents of ammonium nitrogen, redox potential, acidity and ferrous ions in paddy soils during the irrigation period. It was pointed out that the early period after initial irrigation in paddy soil was the most vigorous stage of biochemical activity in soils. Drying and wetting on paddy fields is a powerful measure to affect the redox balance in soil. During the cultivation of rice, the destruction and establishment of such a balance system is necessary for promoting the mineralization of paddy soil organic matter and harnessing the potential of paddy fields. This article focuses on the law of the acidity change of the soil and its influence, and points out the relationship between the soil acidity change and the potential soil fertility.