教学是一项复杂的活动,它需要教师课前做出详细而周密的策划,也就是课堂预设。课堂预设是有效课堂的第一步。课堂预设是一项系统工程,需要考虑到教学的方方面面。明确学习目标。评价一堂课的成功与否,其实就是考察这堂课的学习目标完成的程度如何。《教学课程标准》明确指出:“教学思考,解决问题,情感与态度的发展离不开知识与技能的学习。同时,知识与技能的学习必须以有利于其他目标的实现为前提。”可见,预设是成功的准备、生成的基石。当然《教学课程标准》又明确提出:预设学习目标不但是让学生掌握基础知识与技能,而且应在学习过程中培养学生的动手操作能力、口头表达能力、观察能力等各种能力。这就要求教师 Teaching is a complex activity that requires detailed and thoughtful planning by the teacher before class, which is the default for the class. Class presets are the first step in an effective classroom. Classroom pre-setting is a systematic project that takes into account all aspects of teaching. Clear learning objectives. To evaluate the success of a lesson, in fact, is to examine the extent of the completion of the learning objectives of this lesson. The standard of teaching curriculum clearly states: “The development of teaching thinking, problem solving, emotion and attitude can not be separated from the study of knowledge and skills, and learning of knowledge and skills must be premised on the achievement of other goals.” “ Visible, the default is the success of the preparation, the cornerstone of the formation. Of course, ”teaching curriculum standards" clearly put forward: The default learning objectives not only allow students to master the basic knowledge and skills, but also in the learning process to develop students’ hands-on ability, verbal ability, observation ability and other abilities. This requires teachers