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在中印度洋洋脊Edmond热液场瘤状结构体内壁发现了数毫米厚的浅黄褐色-白色微生物席.这些微生物席内生存着多种长杆、短杆和螺旋杆状微生物,其共同特征是微生物表面被厚的矿质层所包裹.能谱化学分析表明,微生物表面的矿质层由大量二氧化硅和少量铁氧化物组成.透射电子显微镜分析发现,针状含铁物质不但非均匀地吸附在微生物细胞壁表面,亦在微生物细胞内物质中沉淀,说明铁在细胞壁表面和细胞内物质中均发生了一定程度的生物富集.席中微生物的硅化以二氧化硅聚合物在微生物表面的均匀沉淀以及硅叠层的定向排列为特征,二氧化硅在微生物表面的沉淀可能主要受热液无机沉淀过程所控制.Edmond热液场中微生物席中微生物硅化和铁化现象的发现,表明该热液场中部分二氧化硅和铁的沉淀过程与微生物密切相关.由于热液活动提供了微生物成矿过程所必需的成矿元素来源,这种微生物成矿作用实际上在一定程度上受洋底热液活动所驱动.
A few millimeters thick buffy-white microbial mats were found on the inner wall of the Edmond field in the Mid-Indian Ridge, where a variety of long, short and helical rod-shaped microorganisms survive and share the common features Microbial surface is covered by a thick layer of mineralized layer.Analysis of energy spectrum shows that the mineral layer on the surface of the microorganism consists of a large amount of silica and a small amount of iron oxide.Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that acicular iron- Microbial cell wall surface, also in the microbial cell material precipitation, indicating that iron in the cell wall surface and intracellular material in a certain degree of bioaccumulation.Microscopic Xiwei microbial silica polymer surface in the uniform precipitation As well as the directional arrangement of the silicon stacks, the deposition of silica on the surface of the microorganisms may be mainly controlled by the inorganic precipitation process of the hydrothermal solution. The discovery of microbial silicification and ironification in the microbial mat in the Edmond field indicates that the hydrothermal solution The precipitation process of some silicon dioxide and iron in the field is closely related to microorganisms, and the mineralization process of microorganisms is provided by hydrothermal activity Essential source of ore-forming elements, such microbial mineralization is actually driven to some extent by the ocean floor hydrothermal activity.