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目的研究新生儿医院感染的相关危险因素,为临床控制感染提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法对2010年1月-2013年12月新生儿病区2 161例患儿临床资料进行分析,应用单因素卡方、多因素回归进行统计分析。结果共有70例新生儿发生医院感染,感染率为3.24%,主要病原菌包括凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌19株、屎肠球菌6株、酿脓链球菌4株,分别占34.4%、10.9%、7.3%;单因素分析结果显示,高危新生儿、新生儿窒息、高胆红素血症、肺炎、早产、低体质量儿、性别、总住院天数、新生儿病区住院天数、中心静脉置管、使用呼吸机与医院感染的发生存在密切的相关性(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,高危新生儿、高胆红素血症、肺炎、早产、总住院天数多、新生儿病区住院天数长、使用呼吸机是感染发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论在临床工作中,针对高危新生儿、高胆红素血症、肺炎、早产、住院时间长的患儿加强关注,控制呼吸机的使用可降低感染的发生。
Objective To study the related risk factors of neonatal nosocomial infection and provide evidence for clinical control of infection. Methods The clinical data of 2 161 children with neonatal ward from January 2010 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The single factor chi square and multivariate regression were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 70 newborns developed nosocomial infections with a prevalence of 3.24%. The major pathogens included 19 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci, 6 strains of Enterococcus faecium, 4 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, accounting for 34.4%, 10.9% and 7.3% ; Univariate analysis showed that high-risk neonatal, neonatal asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia, pneumonia, premature birth, low birth weight children, gender, total number of days of hospitalization, neonatal hospitalization days, central venous catheterization, use There was a close correlation between the ventilator and the occurrence of nosocomial infection (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of neonatal pneumonia was higher in high-risk neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, pneumonia, premature delivery, total hospitalization days, Long, the use of ventilator is an independent risk factor for infection (P <0.05). Conclusions In clinical work, attention should be paid to high-risk neonates, hyperbilirubinemia, pneumonia, premature delivery and long hospital stay. Controlling the use of ventilator can reduce the incidence of infection.