目的 :分析 12 5例早期死亡的急性白血病患者早期死亡相关因素。方法 :采取病例组与对照组对早期死亡相关因素进行 Logistic分析。结果 :单因素分析认为 FAB分型、初诊时白细胞数、病程中是否感染、皮肤粘膜出血、肝大、及脏器功能衰竭是早期死亡相关因素。多因素分析认为 FAB分型中 ANLL、初诊时外周血 WBC≥ 10 0× 10 9/L 及脏器功能衰竭是早期死亡的危险因素。结论 :对上述高危因素要采取积极的防治措施 ,以降低 AL 的早期死亡率。 Objective: To analyze the early mortality related factors in 125 cases of early-onset acute leukemia. Methods: Logistic analysis was performed on the factors related to early death in case group and control group. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the FAB typing, the number of white blood cells at the initial diagnosis, the course of infection, skin and mucous membrane hemorrhage, hepatomegaly, and organ failure were the early death-related factors. Multivariate analysis showed that ANLL in FAB classification, peripheral blood WBC≥10 × 109 / L and organ failure were the risk factors of early death. Conclusion: The above risk factors should take active prevention and control measures to reduce the AL early mortality.