随着近代资本主义在中国的发展,以市场为纽带的生产联系、产品交换日益加强。在此基础上形成的超出任何个人、家庭和个体生产单位的“社会”问题日益凸现,富国强兵、救亡图存不再是任何局部变革的问题,社会作为一个相互联系的有机整体,其全面改造和社会转型,成为挽救中华民族的惟一出路,“社会改造”思潮蓬勃兴起。社会思潮的转变必然导致学术思潮的呼应,在二三十年代历史学发生了明显的转向,以社会改造问题为研究中心,历史学在研究对象、研究方法、研究成果的表述、价值功能等方面发生了一系列的变化。既取得了巨大的成就,也出现了不少问题。以下,我们准备从四个方面来展开论述。 With the development of modern capitalism in China and the connection of production with the market, the exchange of products has been increasingly strengthened. On this basis, the issue of “society” that goes beyond any individual, family and individual productive unit has become increasingly prominent. The question of whether the rich and the powerful and the nation is saving itself is no longer a problem of any local changes. As an interconnected organic whole, Social transformation has become the only way to save the Chinese nation. The trend of “social reform” has flourished. The change of social ideological trend will inevitably lead to the echoes of academic trend. In the 1920s and 1930s, history has undergone a marked turn. Taking social transformation as the research center, historiography has made great achievements in research object, research method, expression of research results and value function A series of changes have taken place. Not only achieved tremendous achievements, but also appeared a lot of problems. Below, we are ready to start the discussion from four aspects.