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本文以铜、铅、锌、锡矿为中心讨论了清代湖南矿业兴衰变化的规律,并在此基础上分析了矿业兴衰的原因。通过对在采矿厂(点)的数量变化、对各矿种产量变化以及对宝南钱局炉座数量变化的分析,文中认为,清代湖南矿业的发展总体上呈现为一个从徘徊、准备到迅速上升,然后又急剧下降、再徘徊并略有上升的过程。而铜、铅、锌、锡矿的兴衰轨迹非常清楚,可以分为康熙雍正预备徘徊期、乾隆至嘉庆初繁荣期、嘉庆十年以后衰落期三个阶段。在影响矿业发展的诸因素中,技术因素非常关键。
This paper discusses the law of the rise and fall of mining in Hunan Province during the Qing Dynasty with copper, lead, zinc and tin as the center, and analyzes the causes of the rise and fall of mining on this basis. Through the change of the quantity in the mining plant (point), the change of each mine’s output and the change of the number of smelting furnace in Baoan Bureau of Finance, this paper argues that the development of Hunan’s mining industry in the Qing Dynasty generally presents from hovering to preparation Rising rapidly, then falling sharply, then hovering and rising slightly. The rise and fall of copper, lead, zinc and tin is very clear trajectory can be divided into Kangxi Yongzheng preparation for wandering period, Qianlong to Jiaqing early prosperity, Jiaqing ten years after the decline of three stages. Among the factors that affect the development of mining, technical factors are crucial.