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目的研究超声在甲状腺结节鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法从自2014年7月至2016年7月期间到我院住院、治疗的甲状腺结节患者中选取40例作为本次研究对象,采用超声比较良性结节和恶性结节的大小、位置、形态以及回声情况。并利用彩色多普勒超声观察甲状腺结节内部及周边的血流状况,测量动脉血流阻力指数以及收缩期峰值流速,通过Adler分级对甲状腺结节血流情况进行评估。结果在纳入研究的甲状腺结节患者中,甲状腺腺瘤患者有21例,结节性甲状腺肿患者14例,甲状腺癌患者为5例。良性结节组血流信号丰富比率、微小钙化比率、动脉血流阻力指数均低于恶性结节组。而恶性结节组的边界清晰比率、形态规则比率、囊实性比率、有晕环比率等均低于良性结节组。良性结节组的Adler分级多为0-Ⅰ级,而恶性结节组的Adler分级多为Ⅱ-Ⅲ级。两组收缩期峰值流速与低回声比率无明显差异。结论超声在甲状腺结节鉴别诊断中具有重要的应用价值。
Objective To study the value of ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods Forty patients with thyroid nodules who were hospitalized and treated in our hospital from July 2014 to July 2016 were enrolled in this study. Ultrasound was used to compare the size, location and morphology of benign and malignant nodules As well as echo conditions. The color Doppler ultrasound was used to observe the blood flow in and around the thyroid nodules. The arterial resistance index and the peak systolic velocity were measured. The blood flow of thyroid nodules was evaluated by Adler classification. Results Among the thyroid nodules enrolled in the study, 21 had thyroid adenoma, 14 had nodular goiter, and 5 had thyroid cancer. The benign nodules group of blood flow signal-rich ratio, micro-calcification rate, arterial blood flow resistance index were lower than the malignant nodules. The malignant nodules of the border clear ratio, the shape of the rules ratio, saccular solid ratio, halo ratio were lower than the benign nodules. The Adler grade of benign nodules was mostly grade 0-Ⅰ, while the grade of malignant nodules was mostly grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ. There was no significant difference in peak systolic velocity and hypoechoic ratio between the two groups. Conclusion Ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules has an important value.