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目的调查广西北海市养殖场牡蛎、沉积物、水样中诺如病毒的污染状况及养殖场水温变化与诺如病毒检出率之间的关系,了解养殖环境与牡蛎中诺如病毒污染的相关性,为采取有效措施降低牡蛎中诺如病毒污染程度提供建议。方法 2014年1-12月,在广西北海市两个养殖场连续采集牡蛎、沉积物、水样共336份,同时监测养殖场水温,采用荧光RT-PCR法对样本中诺如病毒进行检测,确定诺如病毒污染状况及基因型分布。结果 336份样本中诺如病毒总检出率为12.50%(42/336),牡蛎、沉积物样本诺如病毒检出率分别为15.83%(38/240)、8.33%(4/48),水样未检出诺如病毒;基因分型结果显示检出的诺如病毒均为GⅡ型。牡蛎及沉积物诺如病毒检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但牡蛎诺如病毒检出率显著高于水样(P<0.01)。诺如病毒总检出率随着养殖场水温的降低而升高。结论 2014年广西北海市养殖场牡蛎及沉积物诺如病毒污染严重,污染的诺如病毒基因型均为GⅡ型,养殖环境水温及沉积物与牡蛎中诺如病毒的污染密切相关,而养殖环境水样与牡蛎中诺如病毒污染的相关性需进一步确认。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the contamination of norovirus in oysters, sediments and water samples in farm farms in Beihai, Guangxi and the detection of norovirus and the detection of norovirus in farm water and to understand the correlation between culture environment and norovirus infection in oysters It also provides suggestions for effective measures to reduce the level of norovirus infection in oysters. Methods A total of 336 oysters, sediments and water samples were collected from two farms in Beihai, Guangxi from January to December 2014. The water temperature of farms was monitored. The norovirus was detected by fluorescence RT-PCR. Determine norovirus infection and genotype distribution. Results The total detection rate of norovirus in 336 samples was 12.50% (42/336). The detection rates of norovirus in oyster and sediment samples were 15.83% (38/240) and 8.33% (4/48) respectively, No norovirus was detected in the water sample. Genotyping results showed that the detected norovirus were all G Ⅱ type. No significant difference was found in the detection rate of norovirus among oysters and sediments (P> 0.05), but the detection rate of norovirus in oyster was significantly higher than that of water samples (P <0.01). The total detection rate of Norovirus increased with the decrease of farm water temperature. Conclusion In 2014, the oysters and sediments of Norovirus in farms in Beihai, Guangxi Province were seriously polluted. The genotypes of norovirus infected were all G Ⅱ. The environmental temperature and sediment of aquaculture were closely related to the contamination of Norovirus in oysters. However, The correlation between water samples and norovirus infection in oysters needs to be further confirmed.