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基于微卫星(SSR)标记的遗传参数评估,分析了3个玉米人工合成群体GP3、GP4和GP5及其经2轮、4轮控制双亲混合选择改良后代的遗传变异。结果表明:40对SSR引物在基础群体及其改良后代中共检测到287个多态性位点,每个SSR标记的等位基因数为4~12个,平均7.18个;群体GP3及其改良后代的多态性位点数略高于GP4、GP5及其相应的改良后代,GP3、GP5群体随改良代数增加其多态性位点数呈略增趋势;群体GP3和GP4改良后代的群内遗传相似系数呈渐增趋势,而GP5则变化不大;GP3和GP4的群体基因型数随改良代数增加呈略减趋势,GP5呈略增趋势;GP3群体改良后代的遗传多样性指数变化呈下降趋势,GP4和GP5群体改良后代的变化呈上升趋势;3个群体的群内遗传变异均明显大于群间遗传变异;群体GP3的有效等位基因数为先减后增,GP5为连续略增,GP4呈略减趋势;群体GP3、GP5改良后代的实际基因杂合度和有效基因杂合度无明显变化,而GP4改良后代的变化呈略减趋势。
Based on the genetic parameters of microsatellite markers (SSR), the genetic variations of GP3, GP4 and GP5 in three maize synthetic populations and their improved selection of progenies after two rounds and four rounds of controlling parents were analyzed. The results showed that there were 287 polymorphic loci detected in 40 pairs of SSR primers and their improved offspring, with 4 ~ 12 alleles per SSR marker (average 7.18). The population GP3 and its improved offspring The polymorphic loci of GP3 and GP4 were slightly higher than that of GP4 and GP5 and their corresponding improved offspring. The number of polymorphic loci of GP3 and GP5 increased slightly with the improved algebra. The genetic similarity coefficient While GP5 showed little change. The population genotypes of GP3 and GP4 decreased slightly with the improvement of algebra, while GP5 increased slightly. The genetic diversity index of improved generations of GP3 population showed a decreasing trend. GP4 And GP5 improved the progeny of the offspring. The genetic variation of the three populations were significantly greater than the genetic variation among the populations. The effective alleles of the GP3 in the population were firstly decreased and then increased, GP5 increased slightly and GP4 gradually increased The trend of heterozygosity of actual gene and effective gene in the improved progeny of GP3 and GP5 showed no significant change, while the change of GP4 improved progeny showed a slight decrease trend.