本文根据流行病学调查,手术所见和病理检查,认为小儿臀肌挛缩症是由于臀部反复肌注抗生素、退热剂和苯甲醇,产生创伤性、化学性肌纤维炎筋膜炎,纤维组织增生和筋膜退行性变,引起臀肌及其筋膜的变性挛缩。强调严格掌握臀部肌注指征,减少臀部肌注对预防本病的重要意义,并建议停止使用苯甲醇作为青霉素溶媒。 This article based on epidemiological surveys, surgical findings and pathological examination, that children with gluteal muscle contracture is due to the buttocks repeated intramuscular antibiotics, antipyretics and benzyl alcohol, resulting in traumatic, chemical myofibrillar fasciitis, fibrosis And fascia degeneration, causing gluteal muscle and its degeneration contracture contracture. Emphasis on strict control of intramuscular indications hips to reduce intramuscular injection of the buttocks important to prevent this disease, and recommended to stop using benzyl alcohol as a penicillin vehicle.