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我以为,现时文艺批评的弊病之一,是在于它没有以文艺欣赏为基础。批评者首先应该是欣赏者。一个根本不会欣赏文艺的人,是断然写不出中肯而又有份量的批评文章来的。一个艺术形象的完成,包含两种活动:一是创作活动,作者把自己对生活的认识,自己的思想性格灌注到具体的、可感的、个别的形象中;二是欣赏活动,欣赏者受艺术形象感动的同时,产生想象和联想,从而对形象作无形的补充以致改造。人们在读小说时,已根据自己的喜爱厌恶,根据自己对生活中的人的理解,在自己头脑中“再创造”出了人物的形象。
I think one of the drawbacks of literary criticism at present is that it is not based on literary appreciation. Critics should first be appreciators. A person who does not appreciate literature and art at all is a categorical criticism that can not be categorically written. The completion of an artistic image contains two kinds of activities: one is creative activity, in which the author infuses his own understanding of life and his own ideological character into specific, sensible and individual images; second, he appreciates the activity and the audience While the artistic image is touched, imagination and association are produced, so that the image can be supplemented and transformed. When people read novels, they have disgusted according to their own liking and, according to their own understanding of people in life, “recreate” the characters in their own minds.