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目的描述西安地区2007-2014年2区(县)居民恶性肿瘤死亡状况,比较分析城区与郊县死亡率差异。方法选择西安地区2007-2014年死因监测质量控制较好的一个城区和郊县,用ICD-10进行死因分类,分析居民恶性肿瘤死亡登记资料,计算恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率、死亡构成比和年度变化百分比(Annual Percentage Change,APC)。结果 2007-2014年西安城区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为125.75/10万和77.48/10万;郊县分别为89.41/10万和63.33/10万,城区粗死亡率显著高于郊县(=152.82,P<0.01)。男性10~岁以后随年龄增长恶性肿瘤死亡率呈现增高的趋势;城区女性20岁后和农村女性15岁后,恶性肿瘤死亡率呈现随年龄增长而增高的趋势。40~岁组以上人群恶性肿瘤死亡率显著上升。30~40岁年龄段郊县恶性肿瘤死亡率高于同年龄的城区,40岁以后城区反过来高于郊县。死亡率前3位均依次为肺癌、肝癌和胃癌,占所有恶性肿瘤死亡数的44.40%~60.29%。2007-2014年,恶性肿瘤粗死亡率,城区居民变化无显著性差异(APC=1.13%,t=1.85,P>0.05),郊县恶性肿瘤死亡率以5.43%的平均速率递增(APC=5.43%,t=4.20,P<0.05)。人口标化后,城区、郊县死亡率均随时间变化无显著变化趋势(P>0.05)。结论西安地区城区与郊县恶性肿瘤死亡率存在明显差异,郊县粗死亡率仍保持显著上升趋势,仍需加强监测和防治,特别是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌等主要恶性肿瘤的防控。
Objective To describe the death status of malignant tumor among residents in 2 districts and counties in Xi’an from 2007 to 2014 and compare the difference of death rate between urban and suburban areas. Methods The urban and suburban counties with good quality control of cause of death monitoring in 2007-2014 in Xi’an were selected. The cause of death was classified by ICD-10. The registration data of residents’ malignant tumor death were analyzed. Malignant tumor mortality, standardized mortality and death were calculated Annual Percentage Change (APC). Results The gross mortality and standardized mortality of malignant tumors in urban areas in Xi’an from 2007 to 2014 were 125.75 / 100000 and 77.48 / 100000, respectively. The suburbs were 89.41 / 100000 and 63.33 / 100000, respectively. The crude mortality rate in urban area was significantly higher than Suburb County (= 152.82, P <0.01). Mortality rates of malignant tumors increased with age after 10 ~ 10 years of age. Mortality rate of malignant tumors increased with age after 20 years of age and 15 years of age in rural areas. Mortality rates of malignant tumors in 40 ~ over group increased significantly. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in suburban counties in 30 ~ 40 years old is higher than that in urban areas of the same age, and the urban areas in turn are higher than suburban counties after 40 years old. The first three deaths were followed by lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer, accounting for 44.40% -60.29% of all malignant tumor deaths. In 2007-2014, there was no significant difference in the death rate of malignant tumors among urban residents (APC = 1.13%, t = 1.85, P> 0.05). The death rate of malignant tumors in suburban counties increased at an average rate of 5.43% (APC = 5.43 %, t = 4.20, P <0.05). After the population standardization, the mortality rate in urban and suburban counties showed no significant change with time (P> 0.05). Conclusions The mortality rate of malignant tumor in urban area and suburban area in Xi’an area is obviously different. The crude mortality rate in suburban area still keeps a significant upward trend. It is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention, especially prevention and control of major malignant tumors such as lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer.