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【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)与抽动障碍(tic disorder,TD)共病(comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and tic disorder,CAT)患儿的个性及自我意识特征。【方法】采用艾森克个性问卷(少年版)(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,EPQ)及Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(Piers-Har-ris Children’s Self-concept Scale,PHCSS)对ADHD与抽动障碍共病(CAT)组60例,ADHD组79例,TD组60例,正常对照组(N组)71名儿童分别进行评估。【结果】EPQ中CAT组与ADHD组相比各因子得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CAT组在精神质、神经质因子得分高于TD及N组,掩饰性得分低于TD组(P<0.01)。PHCSS中CAT组与ADHD组比较所有分量表得分及总分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CAT组儿童行为、智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群、幸福与满足及总分低于TD组(P<0.01),焦虑分量表高于TD组(P<0.05)。CAT组儿童行为、智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群四个分量表得分及总分低于N组(P<0.01)。【结论】CAT患者存在个性缺陷,自我意识发展不良,其个性与自我意识的发展主要受ADHD的影响。
【Objective】 To investigate the personality and self-awareness of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tic disorder (tic disorder, TD). 【Methods】 ADHD and tic disorder were treated with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Piers-Har-ris Children’s Self-concept Scale (PHCSS) 60 cases in CAT group, 79 cases in ADHD group, 60 cases in TD group and 71 children in normal control group (N group). 【Results】 There was no significant difference in the score of each factor between CAT group and ADHD group in EPQ (P> 0.05). The score of psychoticism and neuroticism in CAT group was higher than that of TD and N group, and the score of disguisement in CAT group was lower than that in TD group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between all the subscales and the total scores of CAT group and ADHD group in PHCSS (P> 0.05). The scores of behavior, intelligence and school, body appearance and attributes, cohesion, happiness and satisfaction and total scores of children in CAT group were lower than those in TD group (P <0.01), anxiety subscale was higher than that in TD group (P <0.05). CAT group children’s behavior, intelligence and school conditions, physical appearance and attributes, cohesion four subscale scores and total score lower than the N group (P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 Patients with CAT have personality defects and poor self-awareness. The development of personality and self-awareness are mainly affected by ADHD.