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目的:明确目前苦丁茶商品的原植物,为苦丁茶资源开发和质量控制提供依据。方法:系统整理关于苦丁茶原植物的记载;收集全国苦丁茶主要生产和销售省区的苦丁茶商品,对其原植物进行调查;对苦丁茶原植物的主要生长地和产区进行实地考察。结果:较系统的整理了我国目前苦丁茶市场上主流商品和地方用品使用的原植物,其中主流商品分别是冬青科苦丁茶冬青Ilex kudingcha C.J.Tseng、大叶冬青Ilex latifolia Thunb.和木犀科粗壮女贞Ligustrum robustum(Roxb.)Blume subsp.chinese P.S.Green,地方用品有木犀科丽叶女贞Ligustrum henryiHemsley、总梗女贞Ligustrum pedunculare Rehder、光萼小蜡Ligustrum sinense var.myrianthum(Diels)Hoefker.,冬青科五棱苦丁茶Ilex pentagona S.K.Chen,以及藤黄科红芽木(毛叶黄牛木)Cratoxylum formosum subsp.pruniflorum(Kurz)Gogelin,并从形态和生药性状两方面提供其鉴别特征。结论:苦丁茶的主流商品和地方用品的原植物集中在冬青属和女贞属,且有一定的地域性;形态和生药性状可作为苦丁茶简单的鉴别方法。
Objective: To clarify the original plants of Kudingcha commodities and to provide the basis for the exploitation and quality control of Kudingcha resources. Methods: The records of the original plants of Kudingcha were systematically collated. The main products of Kudingcha were collected from Kudingcha mainly from the production and sales of Kudingcha products from the provinces and autonomous regions. Conduct site visits. Results: The original plants of mainstream products and local products used in Kudingcha market in our country were systematically sorted out. Among them, the mainstream products were Ilex kudingcha CJTseng, Ilex latifolia Thunb. And Oleaceae Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.) Blume subsp.chinese PSGreen, local supplies are Ligustrum henryiHemsley, Ligustrum pedunculare Rehder, Ligustrum sinense var. Myrianthum (Diels) Hoefker. , Ilex pentagona SKChen, and Cratoxylum formosum subsp. Pruniflorum (Kurz) Gogelin from Gansu and its biotypes and crude drug traits. Conclusion: The main plants of the mainstream products and local products of Kuding tea are concentrated in the genus Myzus and the genus Ligustrum, and have certain regional characteristics. The morphological and crude drug properties can be used as a simple identification method for Kuding tea.