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目的:为探索适合我国国情的最佳健康教育方法,选择最适人群,寻求最佳时机开展本研究。方法:自1998年元月开始,利用参加系统管理的孕产妇定期检查之机,对孕产妇进行妊娠生理、孕产期保健、家庭及自我监护、科学育儿等急需知识进行教育,采用教育前后测试问卷,与非教育组健康指标对比,评价教育效果。结果:通过对孕产妇的健康教育,使卫生知识明显提高,大专以上、高中及中技、初中及以下受教育前卫生知识测试的知晓率分别为50.67%、42.34%、36.52%,受教育后为86.64%、78.44%、62.48%。教育的形式以医生面对面交谈为主,由于针对性强,能解决实际问题受欢迎。健康教育组母婴健康水平明显优于非教育组,如晚期妊娠贫血检出率(25.53%)低于对照组(39.04%),围产儿死亡率健康教育组为16.65‰,对照组为28.89‰。,P<0.05,差异显著。健康教育组产褥期贫血、新生儿腹泻及新生儿感染性疾病发病率明显低于非教育组,差异有显著性。结论:孕产妇是对妇女进行健康教育的最适人群,孕产妇系统管理是孕产妇进行健康教育的良机,医生和孕产妇直接交谈教育效果最佳,孕产妇教育是一项投资少、效益高的适宜技术,有广阔而良好的推广价值。
Objectives: To explore the best health education method that suits our country’s national conditions, choose the most suitable crowd and seek the best opportunity to carry out this research. Methods: Since January of the first month of 1998, pregnant women taking part in systematic management of regular maternal examination have been given the opportunity to educate their pregnant women on their pregnancy physiology, maternal health care, family and self-care, scientific childcare and other much-needed knowledge. Before and after the education test Questionnaire, compared with non-education group health indicators, evaluate the effect of education. Results: Through the education of maternal health, the health knowledge was obviously improved. The awareness rate of pre-education knowledge of matriculation above junior college, middle school, middle school, junior high school and below were 50.67%, 42.34%, 36.52% respectively. After education 86.64%, 78.44%, 62.48%. The form of education is mainly doctor-to-face conversations, which are popular because they are highly targeted and can solve practical problems. Health education group maternal and child health was significantly better than non-education group, such as late pregnancy anemia detection rate (25.53%) was lower than the control group (39.04%), perinatal mortality rate of 16.65 per health education group, the control group was 28.89 per thousand . , P <0.05, significant difference. The incidence of puerperal anemia, neonatal diarrhea and neonatal infectious diseases in health education group was significantly lower than that in non-education group, the difference was significant. Conclusion: Maternal health is the most suitable group for women’s health education. Maternity system management is a good opportunity for health education for pregnant women, and doctors and pregnant women have the best conversation and education. Maternal education is a less investment and high benefit The appropriate technology, a broad and good promotional value.