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背景:神经垂体多肽激素分泌颗粒的释放形式和在细胞外正常转运途径的结构基础是以胞吐分泌方式还是浓度差因素影响而进入脑脊液的。目的:通过观察大鼠神经垂体的结构特征,为神经垂体多肽激素分泌颗粒的释放形式和在细胞外正常转运途径的结构基础提供形态学依据。设计:随机对照实验。单位:一所大学的人体解剖学教研室。材料:实验于2003-05/2004-01在河北医科大学人体解剖学教研室完成。选择健康成年雄性SD大鼠12只,体质量约300g,清洁级,由河北省实验动物中心提供。方法:将大鼠随机分成3组,每组4只,分别进行神经垂体光镜、透射和扫描电镜观察。主要观察指标:神经垂体的显微和超微结构。结果:12只大鼠全部进入结果分析。在光镜下观察,大鼠垂体冠状切面上,可显示垂体3部分的结构关系,远侧部,中间部及神经部清晰可辨。在透射电镜下观察,神经垂体主要由无髓神经纤维、垂体细胞及富含毛细血管的结缔组织组成。毛细血管内皮为有孔型(50nm),外有基膜与血管周隙分隔。完整的大型膜包分泌颗粒(100～300nm)不仅大量存在于无髓神经纤维内,而且也见于血管周隙内。在扫描电镜下观察,垂体囊由单层扁平上皮细胞和上皮下结缔组织构成,囊上皮细胞间存在许多不规则的囊上皮孔(2～5μm),上皮孔附近经常可见分泌颗粒。结论:神?
BACKGROUND: The release form of neuropituitary peptide hormone-secreting particles and the structural basis of extracellular normal transport pathways enter the cerebrospinal fluid in the manner of exocytosis or concentration difference. OBJECTIVE: To observe the structural features of the neurohypophysis in rats and provide a morphological basis for the release form of neurohypophysis polypeptide hormone secreting particles and the structural basis of extracellular normal transport pathways. Design: Randomized controlled experiment. Unit: Department of Human Anatomy of a University. Materials: The experiment was performed at Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University from May 2003 to January 2004. Twelve healthy adult male SD rats were selected and their body weight was about 300g, which was provided by Hebei Experimental Animal Center. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 rats in each group. The neurohypophysis was observed by transmission electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Microstructure and ultrastructure of neurohypophysis. Results: All 12 rats entered the result analysis. Observed under light microscope, the coronal section of the rat pituitary can show the structural relationship of the three parts of the pituitary, the distal part, the middle part and the nerve part clearly distinguishable. Observed under transmission electron microscope, the nerve pituitary mainly consists of unmyelinated nerve fibers, pituitary cells and capillary-rich connective tissue. Capillary endothelium is perforated (50nm), the outer basement membrane and perivascular space separated. Complete large-scale membrane-packed particles (100 ~ 300nm) not only exist in a large number of unmyelinated nerve fibers, but also found in the perivascular space. Observed by scanning electron microscopy, the pituitary capsule consists of monolayer squamous epithelial cells and subepithelial connective tissue. There are many irregular cystic epithelial holes (2 ~ 5μm) between the epithelial cells of the epithelium. Secretory granules can often be seen near the epithelial holes. Conclusion: God?