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在小学数学教学中,数学思想方法大致可分为三大类:宏观思想方法,比如抽象概括、化归、数形结合、归纳猜想等;逻辑思想方法,比如类比分类、归纳法、演绎法等;技巧型思想方法,比如简算、速算、乘法分配律、结合律、加法交换律、结合律等。这些数学思想方法都隐含在数学知识里,体现在知识的发生、发展过程中。教师的责任就是要把这些东西发掘出来,并渗透在学生探求知识的过程中,渗透在课堂练习的设计中,渗透在课后的小结评价中,使学生真正融会贯通。
In elementary mathematics teaching, mathematical thinking methods can be broadly divided into three categories: macroscopic thinking methods, such as abstract generalization, naturalization, combination of numbers and forms, inductive conjecture, etc .; logical thinking methods, such as analogical classification, induction, deduction, etc. ; Skill-based thinking methods, such as simple calculation, quick calculation, multiplication distribution law, combination law, addition law, combination law. These mathematical ideas and methods are implicit in mathematical knowledge, embodied in the occurrence and development of knowledge. Teachers ’responsibility is to discover these things and infiltrate them into the process of students’ seeking knowledge, infiltrating into the design of classroom exercises, infiltrating the evaluation of after-class evaluations so that students can get through with them.