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最近10年联邦德国的肾移植数目几乎增加了一倍。有两个方面的发展起了重要作用,一是实施安全而无危险的免疫抑制方案和将年老多病的受体列入移植计划内;二是越来越多的老年和有明显合并症的零散脑死亡病人作为器官供体。为弄清这些发展和手术方案变化在8年过程中是否影响泌尿外科并发症的发生率和死亡率,我们对本院1984年～1991年间的所有肾移植病例进行了回顾性研究。材料和方法 所有器官移植均按标准手术操作完成。1988年以前在吻合口用F8号输尿管导管经膀胱和经皮肤引出,引流尿液5～7天。1988年9月以后用双J管代替。从麻醉诱导到去除导管均使用头孢噻肟2g,每天2次,预防感染。
The number of kidney transplants in the Federal Republic of Germany nearly doubled in the last 10 years. There are two aspects that have played an important role in the development of a safe and non-dangerous immunosuppressive regimen and inclusion of aging patients in the transplant program. Second, more and more seniors and patients with obvious comorbidities Of scattered brain death patients as organ donors. To understand whether these changes in development and surgical program affect the incidence and mortality of urologic complications over a period of 8 years, we retrospectively reviewed all renal transplant cases from 1984 to 1991 in our hospital. Materials and Methods All organ transplants were performed according to standard surgical procedures. Before 1988 in the anastomosis F8 with ureteral catheter leads through the bladder and the skin, drainage of urine for 5 to 7 days. After September 1988 with double J tube instead. Cefotaxime 2 g was administered from anesthesia induction to removal of catheter twice daily to prevent infection.