施用化肥是提高农作物产量的重要保障。目前,我国的化肥利用率只有35%左右,大部分经由流失、渗透、挥发三个途径而损失,农民用于购买肥料的钱近三分之二浪费了。同时,大量流失的肥料又造成土壤板结和地下水的污染,这一切都与农民的施肥习惯、科技意识有关。因此,科学施用化肥,提高肥料利用率是当 Fertilizer application is an important guarantee to improve crop yield. At present, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China is only 35% or so, most of them are lost through loss, infiltration and volatilization. Nearly two-thirds of the farmers’ money for purchasing fertilizers was wasted. At the same time, the loss of fertilizers caused soil compaction and groundwater pollution, all of which are related to farmers’ fertilization habits and scientific and technological awareness. Therefore, the scientific application of fertilizers to improve fertilizer utilization is when