在考试应体现谁的意志的争论中,有四种代表性的观点:国家意志说,用户意志说,个人意志说,人类(社会)意志说。但上述观点并不能很好地概括考试的属性。为此,从国家、社会和个人的关系中,赋予考试内涵以新的阐释,即考试是三者之间意志协调的结果,其属性在于国家、社会和个人意志协调的契约。 In the argument that the examination should reflect who will, there are four representative viewpoints: the state will, the user will, the individual will, the human (social) will. However, the above points do not summarize the attributes of the exam. To this end, from the national, social and personal relations, the examination connotation is given a new interpretation, that is, the examination is the result of the will coordination between the three, and its property lies in the coordinative contract of the country, society and individual will.