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目的:研究不同干燥工艺对金钗石斛叶品质的影响,为改进该药材的初加工和扩大石斛药材的药用部位提供理论依据。方法:以金钗石斛叶为原材料,采用热风干燥、微波干燥、真空干燥和真空冷冻干燥4种不同干燥方式对金钗石斛叶进行干燥,探讨4种方式对金钗石斛叶色泽、微观结构、总多糖和石斛碱含量的影响。结果:真空冷冻干燥产品色泽保持最好,优于其他3种干燥方式。不同干燥方法对样品所呈现的微观结构有所区别。金钗石斛叶经真空冷冻干燥、真空干燥、热风干燥及微波干燥后总多糖质量分数分别为3.11%,3.02%,2.81%和2.74%。不同干燥工艺对金钗石斛叶总多糖含量的影响较大,而对石斛碱含量则影响很小。结论:从成本方面考虑,热风干燥方式下的金钗石斛叶色泽较好,有效成分含量较高,且所需设备简单、节能、处理量大,在企业加工中值得推广应用。
Objective: To study the effects of different drying processes on the quality of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Leaves, providing theoretical basis for improving the initial processing and expanding the medicinal parts of Dendrobium officinale. Methods: Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Leaves were used as raw materials. Four kinds of drying methods, hot air drying, microwave drying, vacuum drying and vacuum freeze drying, were used to dry Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Leaves. The effects of four different methods on the color, microstructure, Total polysaccharides and dendrobium content. Results: Vacuum freeze-dried product to maintain the best color, better than the other three drying methods. The different drying methods present differences in the microstructure of the sample. The content of total polysaccharides after vacuum freeze drying, vacuum drying, hot air drying and microwave drying were 3.11%, 3.02%, 2.81% and 2.74% respectively. The effects of different drying processes on the content of total polysaccharides of Dendrobium nobile Lindl had a greater impact, while the content of dendrobium had little effect. Conclusion: From the aspect of cost, Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Leaves under hot air drying method have better color, higher active ingredient content, simple equipment, energy saving and large processing capacity. It is worth to popularize and apply in the processing of enterprises.