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建筑围护结构的热损失是建筑内部热量散失的主要途径。与传统墙体保温材料不同,相变蓄能技术可以利用潜热蓄能达到数倍于普通围护结构的蓄热和热惰性效果。该文针对我国北方地区夏季蓄冷,利用热焓法建立相变蓄能墙体物理模型并进行数值模拟,通过蓄热量、延迟性及熔化过程3个指标为依据来分析相变蓄能墙的因素影响特性。结果表明:夏季相变材料层设置在室内侧位置更有利;随着室内对流换热系数的增大,相变材料层的蓄热量随之增大,而延迟时间减小;相变材料层存在蓄热性能最优的最佳厚度;墙体材料和厚度的选择同样起到关键性作用,墙体材料厚度越大反而越不利于相变材料的蓄热性。该文所得出的优化结论对相变墙结构的优化与应用提供参考。
The heat loss of the building envelope is the main way to dissipate the heat inside the building. Unlike traditional wall insulation materials, phase change energy storage technology can make use of latent heat storage to several times the heat storage and thermal inertia effect of ordinary envelope structures. According to the summer thermal storage in northern China, the physical model of phase change storage wall is established by the method of enthalpy and the numerical simulation is carried out. The factors of phase change storage wall are analyzed based on three indexes of heat storage, delay and melting process Affect characteristics. The results show that it is more favorable to set the phase change layer in the indoor side in summer. With the increase of convective heat transfer coefficient, the heat storage of phase change material layer increases with the decrease of the delay time, and the phase change material layer exists Optimal thermal storage performance of the best thickness; the choice of wall materials and thickness also play a key role, the greater the wall thickness of the material but less conducive to the phase change material heat storage. The optimization conclusion obtained in this paper provides a reference for the optimization and application of phase change wall structure.