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目的了解贵阳市甲型副伤寒沙门菌的分子流行病学特征,分析菌株的相似性,为追踪传染来源、查找传播途径提供线索。方法用脉冲电场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gelelectrophoresis,PFGE)方法进行分型。结果根据细菌染色体DNA的SpeI酶切图谱,将贵阳地区146株甲型副伤寒沙门菌分成10个PFGE带型,1型32株占21.9%,2型73株占50.0%,3型13株占8.9%,4型7株占4.8%,5型14株占9.6%,6型、7型、8型和9型各1株,各占0.7%,10型3株占2.7%,各型之间的相似性在98.1%～72.0%。暴发株24株被分为5个PFGE带型,1型占54.2%,带菌者1株为1型。各年菌株的PFGE带型不尽相同,1型和2型为常年流行带型。高流行区县的甲型副伤寒菌株被分为9个PFGE带型。结论贵阳地区甲型副伤寒沙门菌流行复杂以2型和1型为优势流行带型,提示存在同一克隆群的菌株广泛传播。该研究进一步证实PFGE是一种发现或预警暴发的可行服务手段。
Objective To understand the molecular epidemiology of Salmonella paratyphi A in Guiyang and to analyze the similarity of the strains so as to provide clues for tracing the source of infection and finding the route of transmission. Methods Pulsed field gelelectrophoresis (PFGE) was used for typing. Results According to the SpeI digestion map of bacterial chromosomal DNA, 146 strains of Salmonella paratyphi A were divided into 10 PFGE patterns in Guiyang, accounting for 21.9% for type 1, 50.0% for type 2, 13 strains for type 3 8.9%, 4 strains of 7 strains accounted for 4.8%, 5 of 14 strains accounted for 9.6%, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of a strain, each 0.7%, 10 type 3 strains accounted for 2.7%, all types The similarity between 98.1% ~ 72.0%. Outbreaks of 24 strains were divided into five PFGE band type, type 1 accounted for 54.2%, 1 carrier for type 1. The strains of PFGE each year vary, and type 1 and type 2 perennial bands. Paratyphology A strains of high endemic counties are divided into 9 PFGE bands. Conclusions The epidemic situation of Salmonella paratyphi A in Guiyang is predominantly epidemic with type 2 and type 1, suggesting that the strains with the same clonal population are widely spread. The study further confirms that PFGE is a viable service for finding or warning outbreaks.