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目的:研究多发性骨髓瘤(Multiple Myelome,MM)细胞的主要形态以及其他实验室相关指标特征,了解多发性骨髓瘤发病的显著特点,从而降低误诊率。方法:对30例多发性骨髓瘤患者的实验室检查资料进行回顾性分析。结果:30例多发性骨髓瘤患者中,22例(73.3%)血红蛋白平均为88g/L,出现有不同程度的贫血特征;24例(80%)血沉增加,平均为117.6mm/h;蛋白尿18例(60%),平均为(++);30例中16例(53.3%)肾功能发生了病理性改变,尿素氮平均为19.26mmol/L;30例都做尿本周氏,阳性为13例,占43.3%;26例(86.7%)检出M蛋白;28例(93.3%)骨髓片中发现原、幼浆细胞及浆细胞形态异常。30例免疫分型中,IgG型16例占53.3%、IgA型8例占26.6%、IgM型1例占3.3%、游离轻链型5例占16.6%,其中IgG,IgA型以κ型为主。结论:由于多发性骨髓瘤临床表现较复杂,误诊率往往较高,因此对多发性骨髓瘤患者诊断时,为了提高其诊断的准确率,应该应用实验室相关指标检查和多发性骨髓瘤细胞形态学诊断互相结合的手段进行,从而为临床诊断提供更加可靠的依据。
OBJECTIVE: To study the major morphological features of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and the characteristics of other laboratory related indicators to understand the significant features of multiple myeloma and to reduce the misdiagnosis rate. Methods: The laboratory data of 30 patients with multiple myeloma were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Of 30 patients with multiple myeloma, 22 patients (73.3%) had an average of 88 g / L hemoglobin with varying degrees of anemia; 24 patients (80%) had increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate with an average of 117.6 mm / h; proteinuria 18 cases (60%), with an average of (++); 16 cases (53.3%) of 30 cases had pathological changes of renal function, the mean of urea nitrogen was 19.26mmol / L; 13 cases (43.3%), 26 cases (86.7%) detected M protein, and 28 cases (93.3%) found abnormal bone marrow cells and plasma cells. In the 30 cases of immunophenotyping, IgG was found in 16 cases (53.3%), IgA in 8 cases (26.6%), IgM in 1 case (3.3%) and free light chain in 5 cases (16.6% the Lord. Conclusion: Due to the complexity of clinical manifestations and the misdiagnosis rate of multiple myeloma, it is suggested that in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of multiple myeloma patients, laboratory-related indices and multiple myeloma cell morphology Learn to diagnose the means combined with each other, so as to provide a more reliable basis for clinical diagnosis.