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1.试验结果表明,水稻的土壤环境宜常予更新,否则由于耕层土壤中氧气的缺少和有害物质的积累,对水稻产生不良的影响。在实践中除了一些人为措施以更新土壤环境外,工壤所具有的渗漏性能,在土壤环境更新中也起一定的作用。2.由于土壤具有渗漏性能,这样就引起了灌溉水向土层中的渗漏,从而带入了氧气和养分,促进了土层中养分的分配和移动,也稀释和排出了耕层土壤中的养分和有害物质,对土壤环境起着更新的作用。在这些作用中可分有利的和不利的两个方面,这两个方面的相对大小和转化,受到渗漏速度的制约。3.渗漏速度过慢和过快都对水稻生长产生不利的影响。渗漏速度过快虽有利于毒害物质的排除、氧气的输入等,但用水不经济,养分流失过多,反而易于引起水稻生长后期的脱肥。反之,渗漏速度过慢虽可减少水分和养分的流失,但由于毒害物质不能得到排除,也抑制了根系的活动,削弱了地上部分的生长。
1. The test results show that the soil environment of rice should be updated regularly, otherwise the rice will be adversely affected due to the lack of oxygen and the accumulation of harmful substances in the topsoil. In practice, in addition to some man-made measures to update the soil environment, the leakage properties of soils also play a role in the renewal of the soil environment. 2. Because of the seepage nature of the soil, this causes leakage of irrigation water into the soil layer, which brings in oxygen and nutrients, promotes the distribution and movement of nutrients in the soil layer, and also dilutes and discharges the topsoil Nutrients and harmful substances in the soil environment plays an updated role. In these roles, there are two aspects, favorable and unfavorable. The relative size and transformation of these two aspects are constrained by the speed of leakage. 3. Leakage rate is too slow and too fast have an adverse impact on rice growth. Leakage rate is too fast although conducive to the exclusion of toxic substances, oxygen, etc., but the water is not economical, nutrient loss too much, but easily lead to late rice growth. On the contrary, if the seepage rate is too slow, the loss of water and nutrients can be reduced, but because the poisonous substances can not be excluded, the activity of the root system is also inhibited and the growth of the aerial part is weakened.