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近十余年来,由于细胞学、生物化学,免疫学以及血液免疫学、细胞培养技术的迅速发展,使人们对以往的免疫学概念,发生了很大改变。自1959年Hungerford及其后的一些研究者证明,原来被认为是终末细胞的小淋巴细胞,在植物血凝素(PHA)体外激活后,能转化成幼稚的母细胞样细胞,同时可产生一系列免疫活性物质以后,淋巴细胞在细胞免疫上所起的重要作用,便逐渐被人们发现和认识。淋巴细胞,特别是胸腺依赖淋巴细胞(简称T细胞)在细胞免疫上的主要作用之一是免疫监视,即认别并清除恶变细胞、以及其它病原微生物等抗原。现在,一般认为肿瘤的发生、发展和机体免疫监视功能减退有关。由于PHA可以刺激体外培养的T淋巴细胞转化成母细胞,并且其转化的程度可以从一
In the recent ten years, due to the rapid development of cytology, biochemistry, immunology and hematology immunology and cell culture techniques, great changes have taken place in the past concepts of immunology. Since 1959 Hungerford and later researchers have demonstrated that small lymphocytes, originally thought to be terminal cells, can be transformed into naive blast-like cells upon in vitro activation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) After a series of immunocompetent substances, the important role of lymphocytes in cellular immunity has gradually been discovered and recognized by people. One of the major roles of lymphocytes, especially thymus-dependent lymphocytes (T-cells), in cellular immunity is immune surveillance, which recognizes and removes malignant cells, as well as other pathogenic microorganisms. Now, it is generally believed that the occurrence and development of tumors are related to the decline of immune surveillance. Since PHA stimulates the transformation of cultured T lymphocytes into blast cells in vitro and the extent of their transformation can vary from one