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经济学研究的对象是市场经济,并且认为只有市场经济才是最有效的经济体制,被认为是普世哲学,而对非市场经济的研究则少有人问津。本文首先集中综述了对非市场经济制度的研究,并通过对不同制度环境及其元制度的比较分析,揭示不同经济制度形成的物质技术和非正式制度根源,认为任何一种制度的存在都有其合理性和必然性,都有其效率发挥的途径,强制性制度变迁或人为地在其固有的制度环境中以另一种本质不相容的正式制度取代现有正式制度,非正式约束使得制度变迁失败,西方式的市场经济、自由和民主价值观并不是普世的。
The object of economic studies is the market economy, and that only the market economy is the most effective economic system, is considered as a universal philosophy, while the study of non-market economy seldom people pay attention to. This paper first summarizes the research on the non-market economy system, and through the comparative analysis of different institutional environment and its meta-system, revealing the material and technical and informal institutional origin of different economic systems, that any system exists Its rationality and inevitability all have its own way of efficiency, compulsory institutional change or artificially replacing the existing formal system with another formal system that is inherently incompatible in its inherent institutional environment. The system of informal restraint makes the system Changes fail, Western-style market economy, freedom and democratic values are not universal.