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采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，对４２例肝活切组织石蜡切片中乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）ＤＮＡ进行检测，并与乙肝表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）的免疫组织化学及血清学检测进行比较，ＨＢＶ－ＰＣＲ阳性率为７３．８％，高于组织及血清ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率（分别为５９．５％和５０．０％）。３例病理形态呈肝炎改变，而血清ＨＢｓＡｇ（─）的肝组织中有２例检出ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ，提示ＰＣＲ的高度敏感性和准确性。８３．３％的门脉性肝硬变和８７．５％的肝细胞癌组织中ＨＢＶ－ＰＣＲ呈阳性，进一步证实了上述两病与ＨＢＶ的关系密切。我们还发现肝细胞淤胆患者ＨＢＶ感染率较高，ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ及组织ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性比例各为６／９和４／８。
42 cases of liver biopsies were tested for HBV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and compared with the immunohistochemical and serological tests of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) The positive rate of HBV-PCR was 73.8%, higher than the positive rate of tissue and serum HBsAg (59.5% and 50.0% respectively). Three cases of pathological changes of hepatitis, and serum HBsAg (─) in the liver tissue detected in 2 cases of HBV-DNA, suggesting a high degree of sensitivity and accuracy of PCR. 83.3% of portal venous cirrhosis and 87.5% of hepatocellular carcinoma tissue HBV-PCR-positive, further confirmed the above two diseases and HBV are closely related. We also found that patients with hepatocyte cholestosis have a higher rate of HBV infection, with 6/9 and 4/8 HBsAg positive for HBV-DNA and tissue, respectively.