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目的:研究胆囊成石前兔胆囊的排空功能及其超微结构病理基础,探讨其在胆结石形成过程中的作用。方法:高胆固醇饲养2周(实验Ⅰ组)和4周(实验Ⅱ组)制作实验性兔高胆固醇血症模型,与正常兔进行胆囊的排空功能及超微结构病理对照。结果:实验Ⅰ组,Ⅱ组胆囊的最大排空率(E%)减少,空腹体积(BV)和残存体积(RV)增大,胆囊的压力增加;电镜显示肌丝疏松,线粒体肿胀。结论:高胆固醇作用下,平滑肌细胞线粒体肿胀,可能是胆囊平滑肌收缩功能受损的重要病理基础之一;胆囊的排空功能降低,导致胆囊胆汁淤滞,为胆囊胆固醇结石形成提供了条件。
OBJECTIVE: To study the function of emptying gallbladder before gallbladder gallstone and pathological basis of its ultrastructure, and to explore its role in gallstone formation. Methods: Experimental hypercholesterolemia model was made by feeding high cholesterol for 2 weeks (experimental group Ⅰ) and 4 weeks (experimental group Ⅱ), and the gallbladder emptying function and ultrastructural pathology were compared with normal rabbits. Results: The maximal emptying rate (E%) of gallbladder in experimental group I and group II was decreased. The BV and RV were increased, and the pressure of gallbladder was increased. The myofibers were loose and the mitochondria were swollen. CONCLUSION: The swelling of mitochondria in smooth muscle cells may be one of the important pathological basis of impaired contraction of smooth muscle cells under the action of hypercholesterolemia. The emptying function of gallbladder may be reduced, leading to gallbladder cholestasis and providing conditions for gallstone gallstone formation.