磁共振成像具有分辨率高,多参数成像,无X线辐射等优点,是目前大多数中枢神经系统疾病诊断的首选检查方法。结合功能成像对脑肿瘤术前定性诊断、分级以及辅助临床制订合理的手术方案等是目前研究的热点。其中弥散加权成像(DWI)由于诸多优势,更适于临床常规应用。该文就DWI在脑肿瘤鉴别诊断、恶性程度分级、肿瘤边界的确定以及肿瘤疗效评价中的应用现状予以综述。 Magnetic resonance imaging with high resolution, multi-parameter imaging, no X-ray radiation, etc., is the most preferred method of diagnosis of central nervous system diseases. Combined with functional imaging of the brain tumor preoperative qualitative diagnosis, grading, and to assist in the development of a rational surgical plan is the current research hot spots. Among them, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is more suitable for clinical routine application. This review summarizes the current status of DWI in the differential diagnosis of brain tumors, the classification of malignant tumors, the determination of tumor boundary and the evaluation of tumor curative effect.