本文阐述了我国80年代以来粮食价格波动问题,分析了粮食价格的年际变化与季节性变化特点及其制约因素,讨论了粮食市场价格对粮食供给和农民收入的作用,得出若干结论,并据此对我国农业政策的决策和改革提出了建设性意见。本文指出,在市场经济条件下,存在着产量目标和收入目标的直接冲突,解决这个矛盾的治标之策是运用“缓冲库存”机制,而治本之策只能是寄希望于产业结构的根本性转换。 This article elaborates the fluctuation of grain price in our country since 1980s, analyzes the interannual and seasonal changes of grain price and its restricting factors, discusses the function of grain market price on grain supply and farmer income, and draws a number of conclusions Based on this, China’s agricultural policy decision-making and reform put forward constructive suggestions. This article points out that under the condition of market economy, there is a direct conflict between output target and income target. The solution to this contradiction is to use “buffer stock” mechanism, and the only solution is to rely on the fundamental nature of the industrial structure Conversion.