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松碎、软弱、膨胀及风化等岩层统称为软岩,这种岩层很不稳定,矿压显现明显。在软岩中开挖巷道往往存在大变形的问题,如顶板下沉、底臌、帮部突出等。构造应力区软岩巷道在原岩应力、工程应力、构造水平应力等作用下,围岩具有复杂变形特点,矿压显现为持续塑性变形破坏,给巷道施工极支护带来很大的困难。所以随着锚杆支护技术的推广使用,矿压监测也越来越显得重要和必要。在分析总结围岩变形破坏特征和原因的基础上,对常规支护技术进行优化成为矿井生产过程中不可缺少的工作。
Broken, weak, swelling and weathering rock collectively referred to as soft rock, this rock formation is very unstable, rock pressure obvious. In soft rock excavation roadway there is often a large deformation problems, such as the roof sinking, at the end, help the Ministry of outstanding. Under the action of original rock stress, engineering stress and tectonic horizontal stress, the surrounding rock has the characteristics of complex deformation, and the mine pressure shows continuous plastic deformation and failure, which brings great difficulties to the roadway pole support. Therefore, with the popularization and application of bolt support technology, mine pressure monitoring becomes more and more important and necessary. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the characteristics and causes of deformation and failure of surrounding rock, the optimization of conventional support technology has become an indispensable work in mine production.