引起胰岛细胞功能亢进的疾病有胰岛细胞增生、散在性腺瘤、弥漫性腺瘤病及腺癌,其中以散在性腺瘤为最常见。胰岛细胞又分为α、β、δ和EC4种,β细胞分泌胰岛素引起器质性胰岛素分泌过多,又称胰岛β细胞瘤或胰岛素瘤。胰岛素瘤在胰腺头、体、尾部的分布相似。大多为单发,也可为多发,75%之瘤体直径小于3厘米,约10%之胰岛素瘤为恶性。弥漫性胰岛增生在成人比较少见。而异位胰岛素瘤不到1%,主要位于胃、十二指肠、空肠上部、食道、肝、脾等处,多见于20～60岁成人,男多于女。一般开始发病时症状轻微,无症状间歇期较长,数月或半年发作一 The diseases causing hyperfunction of islet cells include proliferation of islet cells, scattered adenomas, diffuse adenomas and adenocarcinomas, of which scattered adenomas are the most common. Islet cells are divided into α, β, δ and EC4 species, β cells secrete insulin to cause organic insulin secretion, also known as islet β-cell tumor or insulinoma. The distribution of insulinoma in the head, body and tail of the pancreas is similar. Mostly single or multiple, 75% of the tumor diameter is less than 3 cm, about 10% of the insulinoma is malignant. Diffuse islet hyperplasia is rare in adults. And ectopic insulinoma less than 1%, mainly located in the stomach, duodenum, upper jejunum, esophagus, liver, spleen, etc., more common in 20 to 60-year-old adults, more men than women. Symptoms are usually mild at the time of onset, and there is a long interval of asymptomatic episodes. Attacks occur for months or months