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目的了解江门市新会区企业噪声危害的分布及危害严重的程度,为指导职业卫生监管部门和存在噪声危害的企业预防控制职业性噪声聋提供依据。方法采用现场调查方法对存在噪声危害的企业进行基本情况调查,重点了解企业开展健康监护的情况;按《工作场所物理因素测量第8部分:噪声》(GBZ/T 189.8-2007)检测作业场所噪声的强度,分析危害的严重程度。结果对159家存在噪声危害企业进行调查,并对1 405个作业点进行噪声危害检测,发现超标率为37.30%,大型企业超标情况较中、小型企业严重,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。噪声作业分级,Ⅲ级重度危害的有42家,Ⅳ级极重度危害的企业有7家。私营企业开展职业健康监护率较低。结论新会区厂企噪声危害较为普遍,矿产、船舶、机械制造、建材行业的噪声危害严重,噪声防控工作有待加强。
Objective To understand the distribution of enterprise noise hazards and the degree of serious damage in Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, and provide the basis for guiding occupational health authorities and enterprises with noise hazards in preventing and controlling occupational noise. Methods A field survey was conducted to investigate the basic conditions of enterprises with noise hazards and to understand the enterprises’ health monitoring. The workplace noise was detected according to GBZ / T 189.8-2007, “Measurement of workplace physical factors” (GBZ / T 189.8-2007) The strength of the analysis of the severity of the hazard. Results A total of 159 noise-harmed companies were investigated. A noise hazard test was conducted on 1,405 operating points and found that the over-standard rate was 37.30%. The over-standard of large-scale enterprises was more serious than that of medium-sized and small enterprises (P <0.05) ). There are 42 grade Ⅲ serious hazards and 7 grade Ⅳ extremely serious hazards. Private enterprises have a low occupational health supervision rate. Conclusion The noise of factories and enterprises in Xinhui District is more common. The noise of mining, shipbuilding, machinery manufacturing and building materials industries is seriously harmful and the prevention and control of noise needs to be strengthened.