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采用密闭室方法对镇江丘陵区典型稻麦轮作制度下的水稻插秧、分蘖和孕穗期施用尿素的氨挥发进行了测定 ,并对施肥后土壤pH的变化及其对氨挥发的影响进行了分析。结果表明稻田施用尿素有明显的氨挥发损失 ,氨挥发损失率在水稻不同生育期有很大的差异 ,分蘖肥的氨挥发显著高于基肥和孕穗肥。受温度、植株状况以及光照条件等因素的影响 ,氨挥发存在明显的年际差异。田面水的 pH值在施肥后有明显的昼夜波动 ,而氨挥发损失受田面水 pH值变化的显著影响。稻草对不同生育期施肥的氨挥发影响不同。
Airtight chambers were used to determine the ammonia volatilization of rice plants under transplanting, tillering and booting stages under typical rice-wheat rotation system in Zhenjiang hilly region. The changes of soil pH and the effects on ammonia volatilization after fertilization were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant ammonia volatilization loss in paddy field. The ammonia volatilization loss had a great difference at different growth stages of rice. Ammonia volatilization of tillering fertilizer was significantly higher than that of basal and booting spikes. Affected by temperature, plant status and light conditions and other factors, there is a significant interannual difference in ammonia volatilization. The pH value of surface water significantly fluctuates day and night after fertilization, while the ammonia volatilization loss is significantly affected by the pH value of surface water. Straw has different effects on the ammonia volatilization of fertilizers at different growth stages.