从第二次世界大战结束到苏联解体的几十年时间内,苏联海军一直坚持着独具特色的发展之路,苏联海军曾试图以其潜艇优势去抗衡美国海军的航母优势。然而,在与美国的对抗中,苏联认识到缺乏航母及航母舰载机的海军毕竟难以有足够强悍的实力去跨洋争夺制空权和制海权,因而也就无法打造出一支令人望而生畏的远洋舰队。那么,苏联/俄罗斯航母及其舰载装备在几十年来的发展历程中究竟走过了怎样的发展之路呢? From the end of World War II to the collapse of the Soviet Union within a few decades, the Soviet Navy has always insisted on a unique development path. The Soviet navy tried to contend with the advantage of the US Navy’s aircraft carrier with its submarine superiority. However, in its confrontation with the United States, the Soviet Union realized that it is difficult for the navy, lacking aircraft carriers and carrier-based aircraft, to have enough powerful strength to compete for air power and sea control across the ocean and thus unable to create a daunting ocean-going fleet . So, what the Soviet Union / Russian aircraft carrier and its carrier-borne equipment in the course of decades of development has gone through what kind of development path?