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一80年代是台湾科技升级的黄金时代,科学技术进步对台湾经济复苏和稳步发展,起了重要的作用。七十年代末,在世界第二次石油危机冲击下,台湾依赖加工业出口带动经济增长的发展模式和策略受到了新挑战,以劳动密集型为特征的传统加工产品出口竞争力日益下降,于是,当局在1978年召开第一次全省科技大会之后,就着重强调科技升级,开启了以科教目标引导产业目标的新阶段。科技升级的基本要求在于建立和发展“技术密集”工业,逐步取代业已存在的劳动密集和资本密集工业,改变偏重应用研究的倾向,维持基础科学、应用科学和技术开发的协调发展;改变过份依赖于技术引进,忽略消化、吸收和更新的倾向,巩固和发展自主的科学研究基础。通过科技升级带动工业升级和农业升级,推进国民经济结构的“转型”升级。通常,科技界把台湾战后科学发展的历程以70年代末为界分为前后两个阶段。在80年代,台湾进行了一系列旨在促进科技发展的有效努力:连续召开三次科技大
The 1980s was the golden age of Taiwan’s science and technology upgrading. Science and technology progress have played an important role in Taiwan’s economic recovery and steady development. In the late 1970s, under the impact of the second oil crisis in the world, Taiwan’s development model and strategy of relying on the export of processing industries to drive economic growth were given new challenges. The export competitiveness of traditional processed products, characterized by labor-intensive industries, has been declining. Therefore, After the first Provincial Science and Technology Conference was held in 1978, the authorities placed great emphasis on the upgrading of science and technology and opened up a new phase in which the goal of science and education was to guide the industry. The basic requirement of technological upgrading lies in the establishment and development of “technology-intensive” industries, the gradual substitution of already existing labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries, the shift of emphasis on applied research and the coordinated development of basic sciences, applied sciences and technological development; the change of excessive Rely on the introduction of technology, ignore the tendency of digestion, absorption and renewal, and consolidate and develop the foundation of independent scientific research. Promote industrial upgrading and agricultural upgrading through technological upgrading, and promote the “transformation” upgrade of the national economic structure. Generally, the scientific community divided the course of post-war scientific development in Taiwan by the late 1970s into two phases. In the 1980s, Taiwan conducted a series of effective efforts aimed at promoting the development of science and technology: three scientific and technological projects