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目的 分析汕头市艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染和发病态势,为进一步开展艾滋病防制工作提供依据。方法 对1990～2 0 0 3年汕头市的常规监测、哨点监测和流行病学调查资料进行综合分析。结果 汕头市自1990年发现首例HIV感染者,至2 0 0 3年共发现HIV感染者6 3例,感染率为0 17‰(6 3/ 36 0 2 79) ;死亡2 3例。感染者以青壮年(2 0～39岁)为主,占71 4 3% ;男女性别比为6 87∶1;传播途径以性接触为主,占6 9 80 %。吸毒人员中静脉注射和共用注射器比例分别为4 0 0 %和11 80 % ,吸毒人员HIV感染率为0 34% (6 / 1773)。结论 目前汕头市处于艾滋病的低流行期,是预防和控制艾滋病的关键时期,在高危人群中开展宣传教育、行为干预是有效遏制艾滋病传播和流行的根本措施
Objective To analyze the status of HIV infection and morbidity in Shantou and provide the basis for further AIDS prevention and control. Methods The data of routine monitoring, sentinel surveillance and epidemiological survey from 1990 to 2003 in Shantou City were comprehensively analyzed. Results The first case of HIV infection was found in Shantou since 1990. By 2003, 63 HIV-infected cases were found, with an infection rate of 0 17% (63/36 0 2 79) and 23 deaths. Infected persons were mainly young adults (20 to 39 years old), accounting for 71.43%. The sex ratio of men to women was 6 87:1. The route of transmission was mainly sexual contact, accounting for 6980%. The proportion of intravenous and syringes among drug addicts was 40% and 1180% respectively, and the HIV infection rate among drug addicts was 0 34% (6/1773). Conclusions At present, Shantou City is in the low-prevalence stage of AIDS, which is a crucial period for the prevention and control of AIDS. Publicity and education are carried out in high-risk groups. Behavioral interventions are the fundamental measures to curb the spread and spread of AIDS effectively